On 24 September 2025, India successfully carried out the launch of the Intermediate-Range Agni-Prime missile from a rail-based mobile launcher system under a full operational scenario. According to the DRDO, …
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Global Nuclear Order and Geopoliticslatest
Submerged Asymmetry: India’s Expanding Nuclear Reach Beneath the Indian Ocean
When the U.S. and India identified underwater domain awareness technologies for cooperation in India in February, few noticed what lay beneath the phrasing: an implicit acknowledgement that India’s next two …
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latestStrategic Stability in South Asia
The Nuclear Question: Saudi Arabia, Pakistan, and the New Mutual Defence Pact
The Strategic Mutual Defence Agreement (SMDA) signed by Pakistan and Saudi Arabia in September 2025 has sent ripples through the geopolitical landscape. Signed amid the ongoing instability in the Middle …
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latestStrategic Stability in South Asia
India’s Naval Modernisation and Security Dynamics of South Asia
The Indian Ocean, the third largest ocean after the Pacific and Atlantic, is again in the spotlight following the recent four-day conflict between India and Pakistan in May 2025. Once …
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Strategic stability in South Asia remains hostage to India’s strategic thought and its hegemonic ambitions. Its growing ties with the West and its label as a “Net Security Provider” have …
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latestStrategic Stability in South Asia
Rethinking Strategic Stability in South Asia: The Prestige Paradox of Indian Military Modernization
Beyond restraint and tactical inclinations, symbolism and prestige are in play to recalibrate the protracted balance of South Asia’s strategic stability. Endeavors of global recognition and thrust for power projection …
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latestNuclear Politics
S5-Class Submarines: Assessing Capabilities and Potential Risks to Regional Stability
by Usman Haiderby Usman HaiderThe Indian Navy has given special attention to the modernization of its submarine fleet. In this regard, one such key initiative is the S5-class nuclear-powered ballistic missile submarines (SSBN). The …
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The last week’s signing of a ‘Strategic Mutual Defence Agreement’ between Pakistan and the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia has prompted wide-ranging debates over its geopolitical implications. Many nuclear pundits have …
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Emerging Technologies Strategies and Warfarelatest
Both India and Pakistan know that Outer Space Matters More Than Ever after May 2025 Conflict
by Akash Shahby Akash ShahAmong the many facets of the Indo-Pak conflict of May 2025, which witnessed the use of drones, missiles, and artillery, the role of space assets remained less visible but not …
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latestStrategic Stability in South Asia
The Indian Navy’s BrahMos Deployment Is Laying the Keel for the Next War with Pakistan
India’s aggression on Pakistan in May 2025 left it scarred, exposed and disarrayed. Domestically, Indian political and military circles have tried their best to spin off their “ Operation Sindoor” …